# 7 Dictation Software for Windows Compared in 2026

Canonical: https://vibetyper.com/blog/dictation-software-for-windows
Description: Compare 7 dictation software for windows options by features, privacy, pricing, and workflows to find the right fit for your needs.
Published: 2026-08-22T07:08:56.710Z
Updated: 2026-08-22T07:08:58.759Z
Tags: dictation software for windows, Windows voice typing, speech recognition software, voice-to-text tools, Windows productivity

You're a Windows user trying to choose a dictation tool, but “voice typing” can mean very different things. You might need a quick sentence in Word, hands-free control of the entire PC, text inserted into a terminal or chat window, processing that stays in memory, or a managed workflow for a legal, clinical, or distributed team. Those needs don't point to the same product.

This comparison evaluates **seven approaches to dictation software for Windows** through three practical lenses: where text can be inserted, how speech and transcripts are handled, and how pricing scales. It also separates built-in Windows tools, Microsoft 365 dictation, desktop applications, and managed transcription platforms. Windows compatibility, app coverage, formatting, commands, privacy, connectivity, and audience fit all matter. The global speech-to-text market is projected to grow from **USD 3.87 billion in 2026 to USD 16.4 billion by 2035**, with a projected **17.4% CAGR**, increasing pressure on vendors to compete on workflow quality rather than transcription alone ([market and Windows dictation analysis](https://ertiqah.com/blog/best-voice-dictation-software-windows)). Verify current pricing and capabilities with each provider, because plans can vary by subscription, reseller, partner, device, or locale. For a broader transcription perspective, compare these options with the [YouTubeToText transcription recommendations](https://youtubetotext.ai/blog/free-transcription-software/).

## Table of Contents
- [1. Vibe Typer](#1-vibe-typer)
  - [Where it fits and how it handles speech](#where-it-fits-and-how-it-handles-speech)
  - [Pricing and best-fit audience](#pricing-and-best-fit-audience)
- [2. Nuance Dragon Professional v16](#2-nuance-dragon-professional-v16)
  - [Where it fits and how it handles speech](#where-it-fits-and-how-it-handles-speech-1)
  - [Pricing and best-fit audience](#pricing-and-best-fit-audience-1)
- [3. Nuance Dragon Professional Anywhere](#3-nuance-dragon-professional-anywhere)
  - [Where it fits and how it handles speech](#where-it-fits-and-how-it-handles-speech-2)
  - [Pricing and best-fit audience](#pricing-and-best-fit-audience-2)
- [4. Windows 11 Voice Access](#4-windows-11-voice-access)
  - [Where it fits and how it handles speech](#where-it-fits-and-how-it-handles-speech-3)
  - [Pricing and best-fit audience](#pricing-and-best-fit-audience-3)
- [5. Microsoft 365 Dictation](#5-microsoft-365-dictation)
  - [Where it fits and how it handles speech](#where-it-fits-and-how-it-handles-speech-4)
  - [Pricing and best-fit audience](#pricing-and-best-fit-audience-4)
- [6. Philips SpeechLive](#6-philips-speechlive)
  - [Where it fits and how it handles speech](#where-it-fits-and-how-it-handles-speech-5)
  - [Pricing and best-fit audience](#pricing-and-best-fit-audience-5)
- [7. Braina Pro](#7-braina-pro)
  - [Where it fits and how it handles speech](#where-it-fits-and-how-it-handles-speech-6)
  - [Pricing and best-fit audience](#pricing-and-best-fit-audience-6)
- [Top 7 Windows Dictation Software Comparison](#top-7-windows-dictation-software-comparison)
- [Choose by Workflow, Privacy, and Budget](#choose-by-workflow-privacy-and-budget)

<a id="1-vibe-typer"></a>
## 1. Vibe Typer

[Vibe Typer](https://vibetyper.com) is the strongest fit when dictation needs to work **wherever the cursor is**, not just inside one document suite. On Windows, you trigger recording with a hotkey, speak, and receive cleaned text in the active application. That can include editors, terminals, chat windows, and other text fields without a special plugin or per-app workflow.

The distinction matters because raw transcription often creates a second task, editing the transcript into something usable. Vibe Typer's **Magic Formatter** removes filler words, applies punctuation, handles self-corrections, and follows style instructions such as keeping text concise or using British spelling. Its diff view shows what changed, so you can inspect the transformation rather than accepting invisible rewriting.

![Vibe Typer](https://cdnimg.co/231d5d92-158d-4ca1-865a-80df52d3723b/screenshots/f61c47b8-7b89-4a19-8f30-ea9ca4eeb430/dictation-software-for-windows-voice-typing.jpg)

<a id="where-it-fits-and-how-it-handles-speech"></a>
### Where it fits and how it handles speech

Vibe Typer supports **Windows, macOS, and Linux**, including native Linux support across Wayland and X11. That cross-platform coverage is particularly relevant because Wayland support remains fragmented, with Linux-first tools distinguishing native compositor support from older X11 approaches that depend on utilities such as xdotool ([Wayland compatibility details](https://vocalinux.com/wayland/)). For developers, the ability to insert plain text into terminals and code editors is more useful than a tool limited to a document window.

Its privacy model is explicit. Audio is processed in memory, transcripts aren't stored on servers, and the app maintains a private on-device history. Preferences can sync across machines without turning the service into a server-side transcript archive. The app also automatically mutes system sounds during recording, reducing the risk that notifications or playback contaminate the capture.

Vibe Typer supports **99 languages**, optional automatic language detection, accent-tuned models, a custom dictionary, and AI voice commands such as “rewrite” or “reply.” Those features make it more than a dictation box, but they also introduce a trade-off: users who need a fully local voice engine should verify the precise processing path for their environment rather than assuming every AI operation is offline.

> **Practical rule:** Choose Vibe Typer when the destination app matters as much as recognition quality, especially if you move between Windows, Linux, terminals, editors, and chat.

<a id="pricing-and-best-fit-audience"></a>
### Pricing and best-fit audience

The Free plan costs **$0 per month** and includes **2,000 transcribed words per month** and **20 AI operations per month**, with Magic Formatter and custom style instructions included ([Vibe Typer](https://vibetyper.com)). Pro costs **$8 per month when billed annually, or $10 per month month-to-month**, and provides unlimited voice typing and AI operations. Business plans use seat-based pricing for teams and centralized deployment.

The Free tier is practical for testing the workflow, but frequent users will likely need Pro. Vibe Typer is best for Windows and macOS knowledge workers, Linux users on Wayland or X11, clinicians and professionals creating notes, developers working in terminals, and organizations that want a seat-based desktop deployment.

**Pros:** Cross-platform support, app-aware insertion, Magic Formatter, transparent diffs, in-memory audio processing, no server-side transcript storage, auto-mute, 99-language support.  
**Cons:** The Free plan has usage limits, and mobile support remains limited, with iOS in beta and no listed Android app.  
For a broader competitive comparison, see [Vibe Typer versus other dictation tools](https://vibetyper.com/blog/vibe-typer-vs-all-competitors-2026).

<a id="2-nuance-dragon-professional-v16"></a>
## 2. Nuance Dragon Professional v16

[Nuance Dragon Professional v16](https://dragon.nuance.com/en-us/dragon-professional) is the Windows power-user option. It's designed for people who want system-wide dictation, extensive vocabulary customization, Auto-Texts, voice macros, and recorded-audio transcription rather than a lightweight “press and speak” experience.

<a id="where-it-fits-and-how-it-handles-speech-1"></a>
### Where it fits and how it handles speech

Dragon Professional works across Windows applications, so its value increases when your day includes documents, email, specialist software, and other desktop environments. Custom vocabularies help users teach the system names, terminology, and domain language. Auto-Texts can expand spoken shortcuts into reusable passages, while voice macros can automate repeated commands.

The product also supports transcription of recorded audio and includes an Auto Transcribe Folder Agent for batch jobs. That makes it a different category from quick voice typing. A user can dictate live into an application, but an organization can also create a workflow around incoming audio files.

The major trade-off is the deployment model. Dragon Professional is associated with **on-device Windows speech recognition**, which can appeal to users who don't want a cloud-first workflow, but buyers should confirm the current licensing and data-handling terms with the reseller or provider. Current coverage also notes that Dragon's emphasis has shifted toward online services in some offerings, so “Dragon” isn't a sufficient privacy description by itself ([Windows dictation privacy discussion](https://windowsforum.com/threads/windows-june-2026-ai-dictation-why-enterprises-should-run-a-pilot-now.425953/)).

<a id="pricing-and-best-fit-audience-1"></a>
### Pricing and best-fit audience

Dragon Professional commonly involves a **high up-front purchase** and is often sold through resellers, making pricing less transparent than a simple monthly subscription. Enterprise deployment and central-management options may justify that procurement process for larger organizations, but individual buyers should request a current quote and check whether support, upgrades, and deployment rights are included.

Dragon is a strong match for Windows-only professionals who need advanced command-and-control, specialized vocabulary, batch audio transcription, and deep customization. It's less attractive if you want a cross-platform hotkey workflow with polished text insertion and minimal configuration.

**Pros:** Strong customization, system-wide operation, Auto-Texts, macros, batch transcription, enterprise management.  
**Cons:** Windows-only, higher setup burden, and reseller-based pricing can be opaque.

<a id="3-nuance-dragon-professional-anywhere"></a>
## 3. Nuance Dragon Professional Anywhere

[Nuance Dragon Professional Anywhere](https://dragon.nuance.com/en-us/dragon) takes the Dragon workflow into a cloud-hosted deployment model. A lightweight Windows client streams recognition to the service, while the provider manages engine updates and organizations can use centralized administration.

<a id="where-it-fits-and-how-it-handles-speech-2"></a>
### Where it fits and how it handles speech

The small client and cloud architecture reduce local installation and maintenance work. That's useful for teams that need to roll out dictation across managed Windows devices without maintaining a full local speech engine on every computer. Dragon's command and vocabulary model remains aimed at professional users, while the service keeps the recognition engine current through its hosted model.

The cost of that convenience is connectivity. Because recognition streams to the cloud, a reliable internet connection becomes part of the dictation workflow. If a user works in a disconnected environment or handles audio that must remain on the device, this option deserves closer scrutiny than an on-device product.

Dragon Professional Anywhere also includes the Dragon Anywhere mobile companion for iOS and Android. That gives field workers a way to capture dictation away from their Windows workstation, although mobile and desktop workflows should be tested together before an organization standardizes on them.

> Cloud deployment simplifies maintenance, but it makes the network and data-processing relationship part of the product decision.

<a id="pricing-and-best-fit-audience-2"></a>
### Pricing and best-fit audience

Professional Anywhere uses a subscription model, which can make budgeting more predictable than a large perpetual-style purchase. Exact pricing is typically supplied through partners and can vary by agreement, region, support package, and deployment requirements. Request the current commercial terms directly rather than treating third-party list prices as universal.

This is best for organizations that want Dragon capabilities with centralized management, technical support, continuous updates, and a smaller local IT footprint. It's a weaker fit for users who require offline operation or want the simplest low-cost way to dictate into occasional text fields.

**Pros:** Lightweight Windows client, centralized management, hosted updates, subscription budgeting, mobile companion.  
**Cons:** Requires reliable internet access, cloud-dependent recognition, and partner-sold pricing can vary.

<a id="4-windows-11-voice-access"></a>
## 4. Windows 11 Voice Access

[Windows 11 Voice Access](https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/accessibility/windows/voice-access/use-voice-access-to-control-your-pc-author-text-with-your-voice) is the built-in choice for users who want both dictation and hands-free PC control. Microsoft states that Voice Access replaced Windows Speech Recognition for **Windows 11 version 22H2 and later in September 2024** ([Microsoft support documentation](https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/accessibility/windows/voice-access/dictate-text-using-speech-recognition)).

<a id="where-it-fits-and-how-it-handles-speech-3"></a>
### Where it fits and how it handles speech

Voice Access can dictate text and control the Windows desktop with spoken commands, including mouse-grid interaction. That makes it more suitable than a basic dictation box for accessibility workflows, users with limited keyboard or mouse access, and anyone who needs to move through Windows without touching the controls.

It can run offline after the one-time speech-model download. That separates it from Windows voice typing, which is opened with **Win+H** and uses a cloud-based path on Windows 10 and Windows 11 ([Windows dictation setup guide](https://www.getvoibe.com/resources/how-to-use-dictation-windows)). The two features are easy to confuse because both convert speech to text, but their operating models and control capabilities differ.

Voice Access includes dictionary support and the ability to add words. Some advanced enhancements, including Fluid dictation features, depend on compatible devices and locales. Users should also confirm their Windows build before planning an accessibility workflow around it.

<a id="pricing-and-best-fit-audience-3"></a>
### Pricing and best-fit audience

Voice Access is included with compatible Windows 11 installations, so there's no separate dictation subscription or application purchase. That makes it the sensible baseline for testing hands-free control, especially when a user needs PC navigation rather than polished AI rewriting.

It won't replace a specialized desktop dictation platform for every professional workflow. Its strengths are **availability, OS control, and offline capability after setup**, while its limitations are tied to Windows 11 compatibility, device-specific enhancements, and the level of formatting or cleanup required.

**Pros:** Included with Windows 11, supports dictation and PC control, offers mouse-grid commands, can work offline after model download.  
**Cons:** Requires a compatible Windows 11 build, and advanced features vary by device and locale.

For accessibility-focused workflows, this [voice typing accessibility guide](https://vibetyper.com/blog/voice-typing-accessibility-guide) provides useful context on evaluating hands-free input.

<a id="5-microsoft-365-dictation"></a>
## 5. Microsoft 365 Dictation

[Microsoft 365 Dictation](https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/word/dictate-in-microsoft-365) is the narrowest but often most convenient option in this comparison. It places a dictation control directly inside Word, Outlook, PowerPoint, and OneNote, so users who spend most of their working day in Microsoft 365 don't need a separate desktop application.

<a id="where-it-fits-and-how-it-handles-speech-4"></a>
### Where it fits and how it handles speech

The main advantage is proximity to the document. Open a Word file or Outlook message, select Dictate, and speak into the same interface where the final text will live. Automatic punctuation and profanity filters support routine composing, while the feature is available in desktop and web versions of Microsoft 365 apps.

That convenience comes with a clear boundary. Microsoft 365 Dictation isn't a system-wide tool, so it won't provide the same direct insertion experience in a terminal, third-party editor, chat client, or unrelated browser field. If a team's work stays inside Office, that limitation may be irrelevant. If employees move between Office, web applications, support tools, and specialist software, they may need a second dictation path.

Because the service is powered by Microsoft's Azure Speech Services, organizations should review their Microsoft 365 configuration, applicable data-processing terms, and internal policies before using it for sensitive material. The feature's cloud-powered design makes connectivity and enterprise governance relevant even when the user experiences it as a simple button in Word.

<a id="pricing-and-best-fit-audience-4"></a>
### Pricing and best-fit audience

Dictation is available to Microsoft 365 subscribers, so its effective cost depends on the organization's existing Microsoft 365 plan rather than a standalone dictation purchase. Confirm the exact app, account, and license requirements with Microsoft, especially for web versus desktop use.

Choose it when Office is the center of the workflow. It's particularly practical for drafting Word documents, Outlook messages, PowerPoint content, and OneNote entries without introducing another vendor. Choose a system-wide tool instead when text must reach many applications.

**Pros:** Office integration, desktop and web availability, automatic punctuation, no separate dictation installation.  
**Cons:** Requires Microsoft 365, is limited to Microsoft 365 applications, and uses a cloud-powered speech service.

The [Outlook voice dictation guide](https://vibetyper.com/blog/outlook-voice-dictation-guide-2026) is useful if email is your main use case.

<a id="6-philips-speechlive"></a>
## 6. Philips SpeechLive

[Philips SpeechLive](https://www.speechlive.com/us/) is a managed dictation and transcription platform for organizations that need more than text insertion. Its Windows desktop application supports cursor-level dictation in any program, while its broader platform adds mobile and web recording, task assignment, delegation, tracking, and optional human transcription.

<a id="where-it-fits-and-how-it-handles-speech-5"></a>
### Where it fits and how it handles speech

SpeechLive's strongest distinction is workflow management. A clinic, law firm, or professional-services team may need a recording captured by one person, routed to another, assigned for transcription, reviewed, and tracked. A basic voice-typing app can place text at the cursor, but it usually doesn't provide that operational chain.

The platform also offers AI speech recognition with sector and domain terminology, including legal-oriented options, plus sector-specific recognition add-ons. Optional human transcription gives teams another quality-control path when automated output isn't sufficient for the document's purpose.

Privacy and handling need careful review because the service can involve cloud recognition, mobile or web recording, team routing, and optional transcription services. The correct question isn't whether the product “supports dictation.” It's where recordings go, who can access them, how long outputs remain available, and which add-ons apply to the selected plan.

> **For managed teams:** Evaluate the entire route from recording to final document, not just the accuracy of live cursor dictation.

<a id="pricing-and-best-fit-audience-5"></a>
### Pricing and best-fit audience

SpeechLive uses subscription plans, and fully featured workflows may require add-ons. Exact capabilities and pricing vary by plan, sector option, deployment requirements, and transcription service, so organizations should obtain a current provider quote.

This is a good fit for clinics, law firms, and teams that need deployment guidance, role-based routing, task tracking, mobile capture, web access, and optional human transcription. It's likely excessive for an individual who only wants quick text in email or a browser.

**Pros:** Managed team workflows, Windows MSI deployment, sector terminology, mobile and web recording, optional human transcription.  
**Cons:** Subscription and add-on complexity, and capabilities vary by plan.

<a id="7-braina-pro"></a>
## 7. Braina Pro

[Braina Pro](https://www.brainasoft.com/braina/speech-to-text.html) combines Windows dictation with an AI assistant and voice-command layer. It can insert speech into software and browser fields, support custom commands and macros, and use an Android or iOS app as a wireless microphone.

<a id="where-it-fits-and-how-it-handles-speech-6"></a>
### Where it fits and how it handles speech

Braina Pro is appealing when dictation is only one part of the desired workflow. A user might want to enter text into different applications, trigger a custom command, automate a repeated action, or use assistant functions from the same interface. Its system-wide orientation makes it broader than Microsoft 365 Dictation, while its macro support gives technically inclined users room to configure behavior.

The product also offers offline transcription of audio files on higher tiers. That matters for users who need to process recordings without making every task cloud-dependent, but buyers should verify which tier provides the capability and how live dictation differs from file transcription.

The trade-off is polish and setup. Braina can require troubleshooting to make dictation behave correctly in other applications, and its interface may feel less refined than enterprise-focused products. That isn't necessarily a problem for budget-sensitive users who enjoy configuring tools, but it can become friction for a team that needs a uniform, low-support deployment.

<a id="pricing-and-best-fit-audience-6"></a>
### Pricing and best-fit audience

Braina uses tiered plans, with higher levels providing additional capabilities such as offline audio transcription. Current pricing should be checked on the provider's site because the available features and plan boundaries can change.

Choose Braina Pro if you want a lower-cost combination of **dictation, macros, assistant functions, and cross-application control**. It suits individual Windows users who value breadth and customization more than a polished enterprise experience. It's less suitable when compliance review, centralized administration, or turnkey deployment is the deciding factor.

**Pros:** System-wide text entry, custom commands, macros, assistant features, mobile microphone option, higher-tier offline audio transcription.  
**Cons:** More setup and troubleshooting, less polished interface, and feature access varies by tier.

<a id="top-7-windows-dictation-software-comparison"></a>
## Top 7 Windows Dictation Software Comparison

| Tool | 🔄 Implementation complexity | ⚡ Resource requirements | ⭐📊 Expected outcomes | 💡 Ideal use cases | ⭐ Key advantages |
|---|---:|---:|---|---|---|
| Vibe Typer | Low, simple install, native cross‑platform setup, hotkey workflow | Local processing (modest CPU/RAM); Free tier limits → Pro for heavy use | ⭐ Polished, style‑consistent transcripts; 📊 reduces editing with transparent diffs | Desktop-first dictation (Linux/Wayland/X11), developers, clinicians, knowledge workers | ⭐ Native Linux support, Magic Formatter, privacy‑first app‑aware insertion |
| Nuance Dragon Professional v16 | High, Windows install, voice training & deep customization | High upfront license cost; Windows workstation required; IT deployment for teams | ⭐ Best‑in‑class accuracy and command control; 📊 strong batch transcription | Professionals needing max accuracy, macros, noisy environments (legal/medical) | ⭐ Industry benchmark accuracy, custom vocabularies & powerful macros |
| Nuance Dragon Professional Anywhere | Moderate, lightweight client + cloud subscription and admin setup | Cloud subscription per seat; reliable internet required; mobile companion available | ⭐ Consistent, centrally updated recognition; 📊 easy enterprise rollout | Enterprises wanting centralized management and mobile field access | ⭐ Minimal local IT footprint, continuous engine updates, centralized management |
| Windows 11 Voice Access | Low, built into Windows 11, no extra install | Minimal local resources; requires compatible Windows 11 build | ⭐ Solid baseline dictation + full PC control; 📊 optimized for accessibility workflows | Accessibility users, hands‑free PC control, casual dictation on Windows 11 | ⭐ Free and integrated; accessibility‑focused full PC control |
| Microsoft 365 Dictation | Low, integrated in Office apps (one‑click) | Microsoft 365 subscription; cloud/Azure processing | ⭐ Seamless in‑app dictation with auto‑punctuation; 📊 high productivity inside Office | Users who primarily dictate in Word, Outlook, PowerPoint or OneNote | ⭐ Native Office integration, works across desktop and web apps |
| Philips SpeechLive | Moderate, desktop MSI + workflow configuration for teams | Subscription with add‑ons; optional human transcription increases cost | ⭐ Reliable team workflows and sector tuning; 📊 suitable for legal/health transcription | Clinics, law firms, teams needing capture→routing→transcription workflows | ⭐ Team management, domain‑specific models, optional human transcription |
| Braina Pro | Low–Moderate, Windows install; may require setup for app insertion | Budget‑friendly tiers; optional offline transcription and mobile mic apps | ⭐ Versatile dictation + automation; 📊 variable accuracy vs enterprise tools | Budget‑sensitive users wanting macros, assistant features, wireless mic | ⭐ Affordable toolkit, custom commands/macros, mobile microphone support |

<a id="choose-by-workflow-privacy-and-budget"></a>
## Choose by Workflow, Privacy, and Budget

There isn't one universal winner because these tools solve different problems. Start with the destination. If you need hands-free Windows navigation and a no-extra-install baseline, **Windows 11 Voice Access** is the logical first test. It combines dictation with PC control and can work offline after the speech model is downloaded. If your writing stays inside Word, Outlook, PowerPoint, and OneNote, **Microsoft 365 Dictation** keeps the workflow simple, though it won't follow you into unrelated applications.

Choose **Dragon Professional v16** when Windows customization, custom vocabulary, voice macros, and batch audio transcription matter more than a lightweight setup. Choose **Dragon Professional Anywhere** when a business wants centralized cloud deployment, managed updates, and a smaller local IT footprint, and can accept the need for reliable internet access.

**Philips SpeechLive** belongs on the shortlist for clinics, law firms, and teams that need routing, delegation, task tracking, mobile capture, and optional human transcription. **Braina Pro** is more attractive to budget-sensitive individuals who want dictation combined with assistant functions and custom macros, provided they're willing to handle more configuration.

**Vibe Typer** is the strongest fit when text must land directly in many different apps and come out polished rather than raw. Its Windows workflow also extends across macOS and Linux, including Wayland and X11, while its stated privacy model processes audio in memory and doesn't retain transcripts on servers. Its Magic Formatter, diff view, style instructions, custom dictionary, and AI rewrite commands make it particularly useful for knowledge workers, developers, and professionals who move between editors, terminals, email, and chat.

Use this checklist before committing:

- **Identify destinations:** List every application where dictation must work, including Word, browsers, terminals, editors, and specialist software.
- **Decide on connectivity:** Determine whether cloud recognition is acceptable or whether offline operation is essential.
- **Review speech handling:** Confirm where audio and transcripts are processed, whether they're retained, and who can access them.
- **Check commands and languages:** Verify required languages, accents, vocabulary, formatting commands, macros, and accessibility controls.
- **Compare the commercial model:** Review the applicable subscription, free-tier limits, perpetual purchase, seat plan, add-ons, or reseller quote.
- **Pilot the workflow:** Test representative names, technical terms, background conditions, target applications, and the amount of editing required.

The best dictation software for Windows is the one that reduces work after you speak, not merely the one that produces a transcript.

---

Vibe Typer offers Windows voice typing that inserts cleaned, formatted text directly into the app where your cursor is active, with Magic Formatter, style instructions, and a stated in-memory processing model. If that cross-app workflow fits the way you write, code, or communicate, visit [Vibe Typer](https://vibetyper.com) and try the Free plan before deciding whether Pro is right for your usage.
